The Sun is Shining Brightly.
Now this sentence has two parts, 'The Sun', which is subject, and 'is shining brightly' is the predicate. So the subject of a sentence tells about someone or something about which we are going to give some information, or which is going to do an action. The predicate of a sentence is the part of a sentence which tells us about what the subject is, or what the subject is doing.
Let us now discuss the various types of sentences.
Assertive/Declarative Sentences: Assertive sentences are also known as declarative sentences and they tell us about something or some person and ends with a full stop. Assertive sentences are in the form of a statement and a statement can be positive or negative.
Examples for the assertive sentence are,
My Father's Name is Hari Shankar. Or,
He is Not my Good Friend.
While an assertive sentence can be negative, there is a difference between negative sentences and assertive sentences. In the assertive sentences, you are not afraid of expressing your thoughts or ideas.
Affirmative sentences are also assertive sentences, but again, affirmative sentences can only be positive, they cannot be negative. Hence, it can be said that assertive sentences are super-set while, affirmative sentences are a subset of assertive sentences. Let us take an example,
Today is not Monday. It is an assertive sentence. However, it is a negative sentence, and hence it cannot be an affirmative sentence.
Interrogative Sentences: Interrogative sentences are used to enquire or question about something. An interrogative sentence ends with a question mark. Now there can be many types of interrogative sentences depending on the tenses of the verb in that sentence.
Example: What is your favourite food?
An interrogative sentence with present indefinite tense starts with do, or does.
Is/am/are+ verb_ing is used in sentences with the present continuous tense of the verb.
Has/Have is case of the present perfect tense
Did in the past tense.
Had or Was + verb + ing in the past tense
Will, Shall, or Should in case of the future tense.
Imperative Sentences: These sentences contain a command or request.
Examples
Complete your work by tomorrow.
Be nice to your friends.
Please help me.
Exclamatory sentences: An exclamatory sentence is used to convey strong emotions and ends with the sign of exclamation (!).
Example: Oh! I forgot about the meeting.
What a beautiful picture!
Negative sentences: It is a sentence that states that something is not true. Again, there can be different types of negative sentences depending on the tense of the verb used in the sentence.
The words 'do not', or 'does not' are used in the present tense. Does is used with he, she, it or third person singular. Do is used with I, we, you, they, or plural words.
Did not is used for sentences with the past indefinite tense of the verb.
Has not or Have not in sentences with the present continuous tense.
Is/Are + Not for sentences with present continuous tense.
Will not or Shall not in sentences in the future tense.
Had not in sentences with the past perfect tense.
